U.S. Physician Recommendations to Their Patients About the Use of Complementary Health Approaches

Barbara J. Stussman; Richard R. Nahin; Patricia M. Barnes; Brian W. Ward

doi:10.1089/acm.2019.0303

Table 2.
Multivariable Logistic Regression Predicting Recommendations for Selected Complementary Health Approaches: United States, 2012
Physician characteristics Any CHA
p
Massage therapy
p
Chiropractic or osteopathic manipulation
p
aOR (95% CI) aOR (95% CI) aOR (95% CI)
Sex
Male 1.00 1.00 1.00
Female 1.56 (1.25–1.95) 0.0001 1.76 (1.40–2.20) 0.0000 1.17 (0.91–1.50) 0.2276

Age
<45 Years 1.00 1.00 1.00
45–54 Years 0.94 (0.74–1.19) 0.5865 0.96 (0.73–1.25) 0.7417 1.03 (0.78–1.38) 0.8156
55–64 Years 0.92 (0.72–1.17) 0.4789 0.89 (0.68–1.16) 0.4012 0.95 (0.72–1.27) 0.7500
≥65 Years 0.75 (0.56–1.01) 0.0601 0.65 (0.46–0.92) 0.0154 0.85 (0.58–1.22) 0.3720

Race
White 1.00 1.00 1.00
Asian 0.84 (0.63–1.13) 0.2505 1.02 (0.73–1.42) 0.9104 0.76 (0.52–1.13) 0.1756
Other 0.69 (0.47–1.00) 0.0480 0.86 (0.58–1.29) 0.4687 0.77 (0.50–1.20) 0.2472

Specialty
Gen/Fam 1.00 1.00 1.00
Internal 0.63 (0.44–0.90) 0.0120 0.79 (0.55–1.14) 0.2140 0.71 (0.49–1.02) 0.0633
Psychiatry 0.51 (0.34–0.78) 0.0000 0.34 (0.22–0.52) 0.0000 0.13 (0.07–0.23) 0.0000
OB/GYN 0.47 (0.31–0.71) 0.0003 0.53 (0.35–0.79) 0.0021 0.38 (0.24–0.60) 0.0000
Pediatrics 0.29 (0.21–0.41) 0.0017 0.24 (0.16–0.36) 0.0000 0.26 (0.18–0.38) 0.0000
Other 0.22 (0.17–0.28) 0.0000 0.23 (0.18–0.30) 0.0000 0.19 (0.14–0.24) 0.0000

Type of physician
MD 1.00 1.00 1.00
DO 1.78 (1.25–2.54) 0.0014 1.57 (1.09–2.26) 0.0159 3.13 (2.18–4.49) 0.0000

Location of medical school
United States 1.00 1.00 1.00
Foreign 0.93 (0.73–1.17) 0.5353 0.77 (0.58–1.02) 0.0729 0.80 (0.59–1.08) 0.1501

MSA status
MSA 1.00 1.00 1.00
Non-MSA 0.89 (0.69–1.15) 0.3830 0.99 (0.75–1.32) 0.9566 1.25 (0.92–1.68) 0.1505

U.S. Census region
Northeast 0.63 (0.47–0.84) 0.0015 0.64 (0.47–0.88) 0.0058 0.74 (0.52–1.03) 0.0778
Midwest 0.47 (0.36–0.61) 0.0000 0.59 (0.44–0.78) 0.0002 0.73 (0.54–0.99) 0.0407
South 0.38 (0.30–0.49) 0.0000 0.50 (0.38–0.66) 0.0000 0.52 (0.39–0.71) 0.0000
West 1.00 1.00 1.00

Physician characteristics	Any CHA	p	Massage therapy	p	Chiropractic or osteopathic manipulation	p
Physician characteristics	aOR (95% CI)		aOR (95% CI)		aOR (95% CI)
Sex
Male	1.00		1.00		1.00
Female	1.56 (1.25–1.95)	0.0001	1.76 (1.40–2.20)	0.0000	1.17 (0.91–1.50)	0.2276

Age
<45 Years	1.00		1.00		1.00
45–54 Years	0.94 (0.74–1.19)	0.5865	0.96 (0.73–1.25)	0.7417	1.03 (0.78–1.38)	0.8156
55–64 Years	0.92 (0.72–1.17)	0.4789	0.89 (0.68–1.16)	0.4012	0.95 (0.72–1.27)	0.7500
≥65 Years	0.75 (0.56–1.01)	0.0601	0.65 (0.46–0.92)	0.0154	0.85 (0.58–1.22)	0.3720

Race
White	1.00		1.00		1.00
Asian	0.84 (0.63–1.13)	0.2505	1.02 (0.73–1.42)	0.9104	0.76 (0.52–1.13)	0.1756
Other	0.69 (0.47–1.00)	0.0480	0.86 (0.58–1.29)	0.4687	0.77 (0.50–1.20)	0.2472

Specialty
Gen/Fam	1.00		1.00		1.00
Internal	0.63 (0.44–0.90)	0.0120	0.79 (0.55–1.14)	0.2140	0.71 (0.49–1.02)	0.0633
Psychiatry	0.51 (0.34–0.78)	0.0000	0.34 (0.22–0.52)	0.0000	0.13 (0.07–0.23)	0.0000
OB/GYN	0.47 (0.31–0.71)	0.0003	0.53 (0.35–0.79)	0.0021	0.38 (0.24–0.60)	0.0000
Pediatrics	0.29 (0.21–0.41)	0.0017	0.24 (0.16–0.36)	0.0000	0.26 (0.18–0.38)	0.0000
Other	0.22 (0.17–0.28)	0.0000	0.23 (0.18–0.30)	0.0000	0.19 (0.14–0.24)	0.0000

Type of physician
MD	1.00		1.00		1.00
DO	1.78 (1.25–2.54)	0.0014	1.57 (1.09–2.26)	0.0159	3.13 (2.18–4.49)	0.0000

Location of medical school
United States	1.00		1.00		1.00
Foreign	0.93 (0.73–1.17)	0.5353	0.77 (0.58–1.02)	0.0729	0.80 (0.59–1.08)	0.1501

MSA status
MSA	1.00		1.00		1.00
Non-MSA	0.89 (0.69–1.15)	0.3830	0.99 (0.75–1.32)	0.9566	1.25 (0.92–1.68)	0.1505

U.S. Census region
Northeast	0.63 (0.47–0.84)	0.0015	0.64 (0.47–0.88)	0.0058	0.74 (0.52–1.03)	0.0778
Midwest	0.47 (0.36–0.61)	0.0000	0.59 (0.44–0.78)	0.0002	0.73 (0.54–0.99)	0.0407
South	0.38 (0.30–0.49)	0.0000	0.50 (0.38–0.66)	0.0000	0.52 (0.39–0.71)	0.0000
West	1.00		1.00		1.00