TABLE 3

Estimated Effects of Treatments on Most Severe Pain and Average Pain Intensity in the Past Week and on Neck Disability Score From Baseline to Each Follow-Up Assessment, by Follow-Up Interval andTreatment Contrast: Results of Logistic Regression Analyses

		Most Severe Pain		Average Pain		Neck Disability
Follow-up Interval	Treatment Contrast	RRa	95% CI	RRa	95% CI	RRa	95% CI
0–2 weeks	Manip vs mobb	1.02	0.72, 1.44	0.93	0.68, 1.27	0.71	0.48, 1.04
	Heat vs no heatb	1.60	1.16, 2.20	1.22	0.91, 1.64	1.24	0.89, 1.72
	EMS vs no EMSb	1.31	0.94, 1.81	1.00	0.73, 1.36	1.11	0.79, 1.56
0–6 weeks	Manip vs mobb	1.02	0.81, 1.28	0.97	0.77, 1.23	1.05	0.82, 1.35
	Heat vs no heatb	1.07	0.85, 1.33	0.98	0.77, 1.23	1.04	0.81, 1.33
	EMS vs no EMSb	1.05	0.84, 1.32	1.04	0.83, 1.30	0.91	0.70, 1.19
0–3 months	Manip vs mobb	0.91	0.74, 1.11	0.93	0.76, 1.13	0.99	0.79, 1.24
	Heat vs no heatb	0.97	0.80, 1.17	0.94	0.78, 1.14	0.90	0.71, 1.15
	EMS vs no EMSb	1.08	0.91, 1.28	0.98	0.81, 1.17	0.97	0.78, 1.22
0–6 months	Manip vs mobb	1.00	0.81, 1.22	0.92	0.74, 1.15	0.85	0.66, 1.08
	Heat vs no heatb	1.12	0.93, 1.34	1.14	0.95, 1.37	1.14	0.94, 1.38
	EMS vs no EMSb	0.95	0.77, 1.17	0.90	0.73, 1.13	0.87	0.69, 1.10

Note. Effects are expressed as adjusted risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for manipulation (Manip) vs mobilization (mob), heat vs no heat, and electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) vs no EMS. Reductions of 2 points or more (vs less than 2 points) on the pain scales and 5 points or more (vs less than 5 points) on the Neck Disability Index were used as dichotomous outcomes.

^aEstimated effects adjusted for age, sex, neck-pain episode duration, frequency of neck pain, history of neck pain, baseline mental health score, and baseline value of the outcome measure.

^bReference group.