Dietary Fiber Is Beneficial for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: An Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses

Table 3

Effect of High vs Low Fiber Intake on the Incidence of Developing Coronary Heart Disease

Meta-analysis Authors, Year	No. of Studies in Meta-analysis	No. of Participants in Meta-analysis	Main Findings of Meta-analysis	Q Test P Value	I² Statistic	Egger or Begg Test P Value	Quality Assessment and Outcome
Pereira et al, 2004²⁴^,^a	9	306 064	RR = 0.91,^bP = .005	NS	NR

Threapleton et al, 2013²³	12	NR	RR = 0.91,^cP < .001	NS	33%	NR	NOS 10/12 high quality

Wu et al, 2014²⁵	16	561 756	RR = 0.93, P < .001	NS	0%	NS	NOS 13/16 high quality

Kim and Je, 2016²⁷	8	500 672	RR = 0.76, P < .05	NS	40%	NS	4/8 high quality

NOS, Newcastle-Ottawa scale; NR, not reported; NS, not significant; RR, relative risk.

^aLow-quality score on the Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews.

^b10 g/d.

^c7 g/d.