Table 1.

Anthocyanins and anthocyanidins in fruit, vegetables, and grains.

Types of anthocyanin and anthocyanidin in fruit
Acai berry (Euterpe oleracea Martius) – whole fruit [43]
cya-3-glu, cyan-3-rut, del-3-gal, del-3-glu, del-3-rut, peo-3-glu
Berry (Berberis lycium Royle) – whole fruit [44]
cya-3,5-dihex, cya-3-gal, cya-3-glu, cya-3-lat, cya-3-rut, del-3-glu, mal-3,5-dihex, pel-3,5-diglu, pel-3-pentoxilhex, pel-3-rut, pel-hex, peo-3-rut
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) – whole fruit [45]
cy-3-ara, cya-3-gal, cya-3-glu, del-3-ara, del-3-glu, del-3-gal, mal-3-ara, mal-3-gal, mal-3-glu, peo-3-ara, peo-3-gal, peo-3-glu, pet-3-ara, pet-3-gal, pet-3-glu
Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) – whole fruit [46,47]
cya-3-glu, cya-3-rutl del, mal, pel, pel-3-glu, peo
Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) – whole fruit [46]
cya-3-glu, cya-3-rut, del-3-glu, del-3-rut
Blueberry (V. corymbosum L.) – whole fruit [46]
cya-3-ara, cya-3-gal, cya-3-glu, del-3-ara, del-3-gal, del-3-glu, mal-3-ara, mal-3-gal, mal-3-glu, peo-3-gal, peo-3-glu, pet-3-ara, pet-3-gal, pet-3-glu
Cranberry (V. oxycoccos L.) – whole fruit [46]
cya-3-ara, cya-3-gal, peo-3-ara, peo-3-gal
Dabai (Canarium odonthophyllum Miq.) – skin [48]
cya-3-glu, cya-3-gal, cya-3-ara, cya-3-sop, cya-3-rut, del-3-glu, del-3-gal, mal-3,5-diglu
Maqui berry [Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz] – whole fruit [49]
cya-3-glu, cya-3-sam, cya-diglu, cya-sam-glu, del-3-glu, del-3,5-diglu, del-3-sam, del-3-sam-5-glu
Nitratia (Nitraria tangutorun Bobr.) – seed [50]
cya-3-O-(caffeoyl)-diglu, cya-3-O-(cis-p-coumaroyl)-diglu, cya-3-O-(trans-p-coumaroyl)-diglu, cya-3-diglu, del-3-O-(p-coumaroyl)-hexose, del-3-O-(caffeoyl)-diglu, pel-3-O-(p-coumaroyl)-diglu, pel-3-O-diglu
Oregon grape (Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt) – whole fruit [51]
cya-3-glu, cya-3-rut, del-3-glu, del-3-rut, mal-3-glu, pel-3-glu, peo-3-glu
Pomegranate (Punica granatum cv. Mollar de Elche) – edible flesh [52]
cya-3,5-diglu, cya-3-glu, cya-pen, del-3,5-di-glu, del-3-glu, pel-3,5-di-glu, pel-3-glu
Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) – whole fruit [46]
cya-3-glu, cya-3-rut, cya-3-sop
Red grape (Vitis vinifera L.) from different cultivars – whole fruit [53]
cya-3-O-glu, del-3-O-glu, mal-3-O-acetylglu, mal-3-O-glu, mal-3-p-coumarylglu, peo-3-O-acetylglu, peo-3-O-glu, peo-3-p-coumarylglu, pet-3-O-glu

Types of anthocyanin and anthocyanidin in vegetables and grains

Black carrots (Daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens Alef.) [55]
cya-3-xylosyl-glucosyl-gal, cya-3-xylosyl-gal, cya-3-xylosyl-glucosyl-gal-coumaric acid, cya-3-xylosyl-glucosyl-gal-ferulic acid, cya-3-xylosyl-glucosyl-gal-sinapic acid
Black soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] [56]
cya-3-gal, cya-3-glu, del-3-glu, peo-3-glu.
Purple corn (Zea mays L.) [57]
cya-3-(6″-malonylglu), cya-3,5-diglu, cya-3-dimalonylglu, cya-3-glu, cya-3-malonylglu, cya-3-malonylglu, cya-3-succinylglu, pel-3-(6″-maolonylglu), pel-3-dimalonylglu, pel-3-glu, peo-3-(6″-malonylglu), peo-3-dimalonylglu, peo-3-glu
Purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) [58]
cya-3-(caffeoyl sop)-5-glu, cya-3-(caffeoyl-feruloyl sop)-5-glu, cya-3-(caffeoyl-p-hydroxybenzoylsop)-5-glu, cya-3-(dicaffeoylsop)-5-glu, cya-3-(feruloyl sop)-5-glu, cya-3-(p-hydroxybenzoylsop)-5-glu, cya-3-sop-5-glu, pel-3-(caffeoyl-feruloyl sop)-5-glu, peo-3-(caffeoyl sop)-5-glu, peo-3-(caffeoyl-feruloyl sop)-5-glu, peo-3-(caffeoyl-p-coumaroyl sop)-5-glu, peo-3-(caffeoyl-p-hydroxybenzoylsop)-5-glu, peo-3-(dicaffeoylsop)-5-glu, peo-3-(feruloyl sop)-5-glu, peo-3-(feruloyl-p-coumaroyl sop)-5-glu, peo-3-(feruloyl-p-hydroxybenzoylsop)-5-glu, peo-3-(p-hydroxybenzoylsop)-5-glu, peo-3-sop-5-glu
Red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.) [59]
cya-3-glu, cya-3-rut, del-3-glu, del-3-rut, cya-3-diglu-5-glu, cya-3-(caffeoyl)(p-coumaroyl) diglu-5-glu, cya-3-(sinapoyl) diglu-5-glu, cya-3-(caffeoyl-sinapoyl) diglu-5-glu, cya-3-(p-coumaroyl)(sinapoyl) triglu-5-glu, cya-3-(feruloyl)(sinapoyl) triglu-5-glu, cya-3-(p-coumaroyl) diglu-5-glu, cya-3-(sinapoyl) diglu-5-glu, cya-3-(p-coumaroyl)(sinapoyl) diglu-5-glu, cya-3-(feruloyl)(sinapoyl) diglu-5-glu, cya-3-(sinapoyl)(sinapoyl) diglu-5-glu, cya-3-(sinapoyl) diglu-5-(sinapoyl) glu
Rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Heugjinju) [60]
cya, cya-3-glu, peo-3-glu
Transgenic purple tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Del/Ros1) [61]
del-3-(caffeoyl)-rut-5-glu, del-3-(feruloyl)-rut-5-glu, del-3-(trans-coumaroyl)-rut-5-glu, mal-3-(feruloyl)-rut-5-glu, mal-3-(p-coumaroyl)-rut-5-glu, pet-3-(feruloyl)-rut-5-glu, pet-3-(trans-coumaroyl)-rut-5-glu