| PMC full text: | Published online 2014 Oct 15. doi: 10.1186/s12998-014-0027-6
|
Table 3
Summary of results from four articles reporting on five studies on puberty and back pain
| Jansens [ 33 ] | Jansens [ 33 ] | Wedderkopp [ 35 ] | LeResche [ 34 ] | Hulsegge [ 32 ] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherland | USA | ||||||
| Prevalence estimates of back pain | |||||||
| (Puberty stage: Number or percentage of children with BP/Number of individuals) | Stage 1: 52/179 | ||||||
| ? : 15%/992 girls | ? : 30.5%/1069 girls | Stage 2: 22/68 | Puberty stage <2: ?/155 | ? : 3.2%/1313 girls | |||
| Stage3: 8/16 | Puberty stage 2 to 3: ?/? | ||||||
| ? : 11.1%/1004 boys | ? : 22.1%/1018 boys | Stage 4: 40/76 | Puberty stage > 3: ?/594 | ? : 2.1%/1325 boys | |||
| Stage 5: 38/74 | |||||||
|
OR obtained by logistic regression
(Dependent variable: back pain/independent variable: puberty stage) | Unadjusted OR = 1.34* (95% CI 1.13-1.57) | Unadjusted OR = 1.61* (95% CI 1.30-1.99) | Unadjusted values: Not provided | Boys: Unadjusted OR = 1.9* (p < 0.0001) | Unadjusted values: Not provided | ||
| Adjusted OR = 1.24* (95% CI 1.04-1.46)a | Adjusted OR = 1.52* (95% CI 1.22-1.89)a | Adjusted OR = 1.2* (95% CI 1.2-1.4)b | Girls: Unadjusted OR OR = 2.0* (p < 0.0001) | Both: Adjusted OR = 1.23 (95% CI 0.77-1.96)c | |||
| Adjusted values not provided, however association said to have remained when controlling on age and parental education | Boys: Adjusted OR = 2.86* (95% CI 1.14-7.15)c | ||||||
| Girls: Adjusted OR = 1.09 (95% CI 0.65-1.84)c | |||||||
| Assumption of linearity fulfilled for logistic regression | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Not reported | ||
| For both sexes: | For both sexes: | For girls only: | For girls and boys: | For boys only: | |||
| Unadjusted values: | Unadjusted values: | Unadjusted values: | Unadjusted values: | Unadjusted values: | |||
| Dose–response (Odds ratios by puberty stage) | Puberty stage 1 (Index) | Puberty stage 1 (Index) | Puberty stage 1 (Index) | ||||
| Puberty stage 2 OR = 1.34# | Puberty stage 2 OR = 1.61# | Puberty stage 2 OR = 1.1 (95% CI0.6-2.0) | Puberty stage | Girls | Boys | ||
| Puberty stage 3 OR = 1.79# | Puberty stage 3 OR = 2.59# | Puberty stage 3 OR = 2.3 (95% CI0.8-6.5) | 1 | (Index) | (Index) | Not provided | |
| Puberty stage 4 OR = 2.4# | Puberty stage 4 OR = 4.17# | Puberty stage 4 OR = 2.6 (95% CI1.5-4.7) | 2 | OR = 2# | OR = 1.9# | ||
| Adjusted valuesa: | Adjusted valuesa: | Puberty stage 5 OR = 2.4 (95% CI1.4-4.3) | 3 | OR = 4# | OR = 3.61# | ||
| 4 | OR = 7.99# | OR = 6.86# | |||||
| Puberty stage 1 (Index) | Puberty stage 1 (Index) | Adjusted valuesb: | Adjusted values: | Adjusted valuesc | |||
| Puberty stage 2 OR = 1.24# | Puberty stage 2 OR = 1.52# | Puberty stage 1 (Index) | Not provided | Puberty stage 1 (Index) | |||
| Puberty stage 3 OR = 1.54# | Puberty stage 3 OR = 2.3# | Puberty stage 2 OR = 1.1 (95% CI 0.7-2.0) | Puberty Stage 2 OR = 2.86# | ||||
| Puberty stage 4 OR = 1.9# | Puberty stage 4 OR = 3.5# | Puberty stage 3 OR = 1.6 (95% CI 0.5-4.6) | Puberty stage 3 OR = 8.18# | ||||
| Puberty stage 4 OR = 2.0 (95% CI 1.3-3.5)* | Puberty stage 4 OR = 23.4# | ||||||
| Puberty stage 5 OR = 2.1 (95% CI 1.1-4.1)* | |||||||
| Strength of association based on index versus last stage of puberty | Puberty stage 4 | Puberty stage 4 | Puberty stage 5 | Puberty stage 4 | Puberty stage 4 | ||
| Unadjusted OR = 2.4# | Unadjusted OR = 4.17# | Unadjusted OR = 2.4 (95% CI 1.4-4.3) | Unadjusted OR = 7.99# for girls | ||||
| Adjusted OR = 1.9#a | Adjusted OR = 3.5# | Adjusted OR = 2.1 (95% CI 1.1-4.1)*b | Unadjusted OR = 6.86# for boys | Adjusted OR = 23.4#c | |||
| Temporality tested | Positive association noted between puberty stage at baseline and BP at follow-up after adjustment for back pain at baseline | Positive association noted between puberty stage at baseline and BP at follow-up after adjustment for back pain at baseline | NA | NA | NA | ||
OR = Odds ratio.
BP = Back pain.
CI = confidence interval.
*statistically significant.
#estimations of odds ratio (comparison of each stages compared to the index value) calculated from logistic regression provided in article.
& ORs not calculated for girls and both sexes together because not significant.
(a)adjusted for sex and back pain.
(b)adjusted for overweight and smoking/stratified by age.
(c)adjusted for age and sex.