Neurobiology of placebo effects: expectations or learning?

doi:10.1093/scan/nst079

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Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2014 Jul; 9(7): 1013–1021.

Published online 2013 Jul 25. doi: 10.1093/scan/nst079

Copyright/License ►Request permission to reuse: Copyright © The Author (2013). Published by Oxford University Press. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com

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Fig. 1

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Effect of expectation classification (Low vs High) on µ-opioid system activation. Left: expectation group effects (High > Low) on Δ in µ-opioid BP_ND after placebo administration (P < 0.001, k > 10 voxels) were found in the DLPFC. Upper Right: regions effect of expectation group on Δ in µ-opioid BP_ND after placebo administration in the DLPFC; lower right: no significant effect of expectations group on Δ VAS ratings after placebo administration was found.