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Table 1
L4 rotation (°) (SD) relative to L3 created in intact cadaveric specimens at peak loads
during the application of SMT and passive movements.
Motion | Rotation (°) |
---|
X (flx ext) | Y (lat bending) | Z (axial rot) |
---|
SMT | 3.06 (1.00)*,# | −0.65 (0.52)^,# | −1.71 (1.20)^,# |
Axial Rotation | 1.40 (0.74) | −0.44 (0.74) | −1.24 (0.58) |
Extension | 3.17 (0.78) | −0.07 (0.45) | −0.20 (0.27) |
Flexion | −0.58 (0.39) | 0.32 (0.16) | −0.19 (0.12) |
SD = standard deviation; SMT = spinal manipulative therapy.
*Significant difference (p < 0.05) in comparison with axial rotation.
^Significant difference (p < 0.05) in comparison with extension.
#Significant difference (p < 0.05) in comparison with flexion.