Benefits and harms of spinal manipulative therapy for the treatment of chronic low back pain: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

doi:10.1136/bmj.l689

PMC full text:

BMJ. 2019; 364: l689.

Published online 2019 Mar 5. doi: 10.1136/bmj.l689

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Fig 3

Standardised mean difference for improvement in function at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months for spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) versus recommended therapies in review of the effects of SMT for chronic low back pain. Pooled standardised mean differences calculated by DerSimonian-Laird random effects model. See supplementary file for more detailed graphic