| PMC full text: | Pain. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 Aug 31. Published in final edited form as: |
Table 5
Odds ratios estimated from multivariate (logistic regression) prediction of unemployment/inability to work at six-month follow-up and long-term opioid Use in 1997–1999 by baseline Pain Days (Table 5a) and prospective Risk Score excluding Pain Days(Table 5b)
| Table 5a Odds ratios for prediction of behavioral outcomes from baseline Pain Days adjusted for baseline Risk Score (excluding Pain Days) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals): | Not chronic: 1–89 Pain Days (reference group) | Chronic: 90–149 Pain Days | Chronic: ≥150 Pain Days | Test statistics |
| Unemployed/unable to work at 6 months | ||||
| Back pain | 1.0 | 2.0 (0.7, 5.2) | 4.0 (1.8, 8.6) | X2=13.3 df=2, p=0.0013 |
| Headache | 1.0 | 1.5 (0.8, 3.0) | 1.4 (0.6, 3.1) | X2=1.9 df=2, NS |
| Orofacial pain | 1.0 | 0.8 (0.2, 2.7) | 1.4 (0.5, 3.8) | X2=1.3 df=2, NS |
| Long-term opioid use in 1997–1999 | ||||
| Back pain | 1.0 | 1.3 (0.7, 2.4) | 2.1 (1.3, 3.3) | X2=9.8 df=2, p=0.0074 |
| Headache | 1.0 | 1.4 (0.9, 2.2) | 1.8 (1.1, 2.9) | X2=5.8 df=2, p=0.054 |
| Orofacial pain | 1.0 | 0.9 (0.3, 2.7) | 1.6 (0.7, 3.7) | X2=1.8 df=2, NS |
| Table 5b. Odds ratios for prediction of behavioral outcomes from baseline Risk Score (excluding Pain Days) adjusted for baseline Pain Days | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of patients: | Lower risk 0–15 (Reference Group) | Possible chronic pain 16–21 | Probable chronic pain 22–28 | Test statistics |
| Unemployed/unable to work at 6 months | ||||
| Back pain | 1.0 | 3.1 (1.3, 7.7) | 14.5 (5.9, 35.8) | X2=41.4 df=2, p<0.0001 |
| Headache | 1.0 | 2.7 (1.4, 5.1) | 4.5 (1.7, 11.5) | X2=12.7 df=2, p<0.0018 |
| Orofacial pain | 1.0 | 1.1 (0.3, 3.5) | 3.4 (1.2, 9.8) | X2=5.8 df=2, p=0.055 |
| Long-term opioid use in 1997–1999 | ||||
| Back pain | 1.0 | 2.3 (1.4, 3.8) | 3.3 (1.8, 5.9) | X2=17.53 df=2, p=0.0002 |
| Headache | 1.0 | 2.0 (1.4, 3.0) | 2.7 (1.5, 5.2) | X2 =15.7 df=2, p=0.0004 |
| Orofacial pain | 1.0 | 2.5 (1.1, 5.6) | 4.5 (1.9, 11.0) | X2 =11.8 df=2, p=0.0028 |