Comorbidity of Dyslexia, Dyspraxia, Attention Deficit Disorder,
Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
and Tourette's Syndrome in Children: A Prospective Epidemiological Study

This section was compiled by Frank M. Painter, D.C.
Send all comments or additions to:   Frankp@chiro.org

FROM:   Clinical Chiropractic 2005 (Dec); 8 (4): 189–198

Robin Pauc

Private Practice,
Tinsley House Clinic, Main Road,
East Boldre, Hants, UK

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Background context:   Currently dyslexia, dyspraxia, attention deficit disorder, attention deficit hyperactive disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder and Tourette's syndrome of childhood are considered as being separate disorders. There is now evidence to suggest that, on the basis of comorbidity, they should be downgraded to symptoms that will appear in syndromes of developmental delay.

Purpose:   To establish that a child diagnosed by a health practitioner or educational professional as having a single disorder in fact presents symptoms of other disorders in a pattern of comorbidity.

Method:   A prospective epidemiological study of 100 children attending a specialist clinic.

Results:   A clear pattern of comorbidity was demonstrated. Whilst not always quantifiable, no patient was found to have one condition in isolation and comorbidity rates were found at incidences of up to 95%, representing an increase on the expected prevalence in a general population of 160–2300%.

Conclusion:   The patterns of comorbidity occurred with such frequency that it would suggest that there could be an argument for the downgrading of these conditions from disorders per se to symptoms and that further investigation might suggest that the patterns of comorbidity may fit the criteria for a developmental delay syndrome.

Keywords::   Attention deficit disorder (ADD); Attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD); Chiropractic; Cohort study; Dyslexia; Dyspraxia; Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD); Pediatric; Tourette's syndrome of childhood

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